末次冰期黄土中蜗牛壳体碳酸盐同位素组成与其环境指示意义   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

顾兆炎  刘宗秀  许冰  吴乃琴 《第四纪研究》2009,29(1):11-22

为了揭示蜗牛化石壳体碳酸盐（文石）稳定同位素组成的古气候和古生态环境指示意义,对采集于河南荥阳邙山末次冰期黄土剖面上部中的粉华蜗牛（Cathaica pulveratrix）化石壳体碳酸盐进行了碳、氧稳定同位素分析,同时还对全岩有机物质（SOM）碳同位素组成以及全岩磁化率和粒度等气候替代指标进行分析,结果显示：剖面中反映蜗牛食物碳同位素组成的壳体δ¹³C_SSA的变化,与反映古植被碳同位素组成的全岩有机物质碳同位素组成（δ¹³C_SOM）无显著的相关关系,但是壳体¹³C相对于SOM的富集程度（Δδ¹³C_SSA-SOM）的变化与石笋氧同位素记录的末次冰期东亚夏季风强度演化同步一致;   壳体δ¹⁸O_SSA的变化不但与黄土磁化率、粒度等气候替代指标变化具有显著相关性,同样也与末次冰期东亚夏季风强度演化同步一致。这些特征,一方面说明受季风环流控制的气候温湿程度变化左右蜗牛夏季活动的几率和食物的类型,干冷气候条件下,相对温湿夏季成为蜗牛活动主要时期,相对富集¹³C苔藓、菌类和植物可能是蜗牛的主要食物;   另一方面暗示蜗牛化石壳体碳酸盐稳定同位素组成能够指示气候温湿程度和生态环境的变化。  相似文献   

浑善达克沙地近50年来风沙活动的湖泊记录   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

陈永福  顾兆炎  储国强  许冰  吕延武  孙小虹 《第四纪研究》2009,29(4):774-780

干旱、半干旱地区湖泊沉积物能否有效地记录大气粉尘源区的风沙活动历史对理解沙尘暴发生的气候和环境背景具有重要的意义。对于位于内蒙古浑善达克沙地南缘的夏日淖(湖)近代沉积物进行 137Cs/210Pb定年和沉积学分析显示,碎屑沉积物具有两个明显的粒度组分,其一是与当地沙丘砂粒度分布相同的中细砂组分; 另一为与大气降尘粒度相似的粉砂组分,自1957年以来反映这两个粒度组分相对变化的中值粒径和>63μm砂的含量都具有显著的变化。与浑善达克地区和中国北方气象记录对比发现,沉积物中值粒径和>63μm砂的含量分别与沙尘暴和6m/s风速(或大风)发生频次呈正相关,与温度呈负相关; 最近50年来这些沉积和气候参数具有总体一致的变化。这样的事实说明,夏日淖沉积物主要由风力搬运沉积的,其粒度与风沙活动存在内在联系,粗粒沉积物增加是风沙活动加强的结果。因此,干旱、半干旱地区湖泊中风力搬运的沉积物粒度受风沙活动强度控制,可以成为重建过去风沙活动历史的重要标志。  相似文献   

Ecology of testate amoebae in peatlands of central China and development of a transfer function for paleohydrological reconstruction     

Yangmin Qin  Edward A. D. Mitchell  Mariusz Lamentowicz  Richard J. Payne  Enrique Lara  Yansheng Gu  Xianyu Huang  Hongmei Wang 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2013,50(3):319-330

Testate amoebae are a diverse and abundant group of protozoa that constitute a large proportion of biomass in many ecosystems and probably fill important roles in ecosystem function. These microorganisms have attracted the interest of paleoecologists because the preserved shells of testate amoebae and their known hydrological preferences enable reconstruction of past hydrological change. In ombrotrophic peatlands, surface wetness reflects hydroclimate, so testate amoebae can play an important role in reconstruction of Holocene climate change. Previous studies, however, have been geographically restricted, mostly to North America and Europe. We studied the ecology of testate amoebae in peatlands from central China in relation to hydrology, pH and metal concentrations. We found that testate amoeba community structure was correlated with depth to water table (DWT) and that the hydrological preferences of species generally matched those of previous studies. We developed a weighted average DWT transfer function that enables prediction of water table depth with a cross-validated mean error of <5 cm. Our results demonstrate the potential for using testate amoebae to reconstruct paleohydrology in China. Such studies could contribute to our understanding of Holocene climate changes in China, particularly regarding past Asian monsoon activity.  相似文献   

Group-scale asymmetric abundance structures in the NGC 533 group     

Jun-Hua Gu  Hai-Guang Xu  Jing-Ying Wang  Yu Wang  Shao-Feng Xu  Zhen-Zhen Qin  Li-Yi Gu  Tao An  Zhong-Li Zhang  Min Lei 《天体物理学报》2012,(1):63-74

  相似文献   

特殊BL Lac型天体的VLBI观测研究     

吴忠祖  蒋栋荣  顾敏峰  刘怡 《天文研究与技术》2012,(4):348-352

BL Lac型天体是一类特殊的活动星系核,根据辐射能谱的不同可以分为低峰值频率BL Lac型天体(LBLs),中间峰值频率BL Lac型天体(IBLs),高峰值频率BL Lac型天体(HBLs),以及极高峰值频率BL Lac型天体(UHBLs)。不同类型BL Lac型天体具有不同的辐射特性,通过射电、光学、X射线、伽玛射线等多波段的观测可以发现很多特殊类型及辐射特性的BL Lac型天体,而甚长干涉测量技术(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,VLBI)是目前分辨率最高的观测技术,也是探测致密核区结构的唯一手段。主要介绍目前对BL Lac型天体的VLBI观测研究概况,以及对其中一些特殊BL Lac型天体VLBI研究的进展及初步结果。  相似文献   

矩张量反演法在江苏及附近海域的应用     

康清清  顾勤平  刘红桂  缪发军 《地震地磁观测与研究》2013,34(3)

利用江苏区域数字地震台网宽频带地震计记录的Pnl波波形资料,采用TDMT_INV时间域地震矩张量反演方法,尝试反演2009-2011年江苏及附近海域7次中小地震(ML3.5以上,最大震级ML5.3)的地震矩张量解,并通过记录清晰的P波初动在震源球的下半球投影对反演结果进行评价.结果表明:反演结果与初动方向一致较好.由此说明在研究区域用矩张量反演法测定中小地震震源机制解具有一定的可行性.  相似文献   

Assessment of social vulnerability to natural hazards in the Yangtze River Delta, China   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

Yi Ge  Wen Dou  Zhihui Gu  Xin Qian  Jinfei Wang  Wei Xu  Peijun Shi  Xiaodong Ming  Xin Zhou  Yuan Chen 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2013,27(8):1899-1908

China is exposed to a wide range of natural hazards, and disaster losses have escalated over the past decade. Owing to the pressure from natural disasters, along with changes in climate, social conditions, and regional environment, assessment of social vulnerability (SV) to natural hazards has become increasingly urgent for risk management and sustainable development in China. This paper presents a new method for quantifying SV based on the projection pursuit cluster (PPC) model. A reference social vulnerability index (SVI) at the county level was created for the Yangtze River Delta area in China for 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2009. The result of social vulnerability assessment was validated using data of actual losses from natural disasters. The primary findings are as follows: (i) In the study area, the major factors that impact SVI are regional per capita GDP and per capita income. (ii) The study area was more vulnerable in 1995 than in later years. SV of the whole region had decreased over the study period. (iii) Most part of Shanghai and the southeast part of Jiangsu Province had been the least vulnerable within the region. From this least vulnerable zone to the periphery of the region, the situation deteriorated. The highest SVI values in all evaluated years were found in the northern, western, or southern tips of the Yangtze River Delta.  相似文献   

Inexact stochastic dynamic programming method and application to water resources management in Shandong China under uncertainty     

J. J. Gu  P. Guo  G. H. Huang 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2013,27(5):1207-1219

In this study, an interval parameter multistage joint-probability programming (IMJP) approach has been developed to deal with water resources allocation under uncertainty. The IMJP can be used not only to deal with uncertainties in terms of joint-probability and intervals, but also to examine the risk of violating joint probabilistic constraints in the context of multistage. The proposed model can handle the economic expenditure caused by regional water shortage and flood control. The model can also reflect the related dynamic changes in the multi-stage cases and the system safety under uncertainty. The developed method is applied to a case study of water resources allocation in Shandong, China, under multistage, multi-reservoir and multi-industry. The violating reservoir constraints are addressed in terms of joint-probability. Different risk levels of constraint lead to different planning. The obtained results can help water resources managers to identify desired system designs under various economic, environment and system reliability scenarios.  相似文献   

三维地震属性及微地震数据在致密砂岩气藏开发中的综合应用(英文)     

杨瑞召  赵争光  彭维军  谷育波  王占刚  庄熙勤 《应用地球物理》2013,(2):157-169,235,236

非常规资源如页岩气和致密砂岩气的开发,要求综合利用多学科的知识,以解决诸多工程问题来获得经济产能。不同类型数据如三维地震和微地震数据所揭示出的储层非均质性能,更深入全面地揭示储层特性并优化钻井和完井程序。本文研究中,首先利用三维地震曲率属性预测了储层局部应力方向及天然裂缝闭合状态,获得了储层非均质性信息及地质力学性质;利用蚂蚁体预测了储层裂缝网络以及利用曲率和蚂蚁体结合预测了潜在的影响水力裂缝延伸的压裂屏障。其次利用三维地震获得的上述信息指导压裂方案设计及施工参数调整。最后,综合三维地震解释结果和微地震成像结果解释了压裂施工过程中出现砂堵的原因,明确了致密砂岩储层水力裂缝延伸及天然裂缝开启闭合控制因素。  相似文献   

The Tilt between Acretion Disk and Stellar Disk     

Shiyin Shen  Zhengyi Shao  Minfeng Gu 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2011,32(1-2):197-201

The orientations of the accretion disk of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and the stellar disk of its host galaxy are both determined by the angular momentum of their forming gas, but on very different physical environments and spatial scales. Here we show the evidence that the orientation of the stellar disk is correlated with the accretion disk by comparing the inclinations of the stellar disks of a large sample of Type 2 AGNs selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS, York et al. 2000) to a control galaxy sample. Given that the Type 2 AGN fraction is in the range of 70–90 percent for low luminosity AGNs as a priori, we find that the mean tilt between the accretion disk and stellar disk is ~ 30 degrees (Shen et al. 2010).  相似文献